[오스트리아]Robert Fuchs(로베르트 푹스)

 

Robert Fuchs

 (15 February 1847 – 19 February 1927) was an Austrian composer and music teacher. As Professor of music theory at the Vienna Conservatory, Fuchs taught many notable composers, while he was himself a highly regarded composer in his lifetime.

로베르트 푹스(1847-1927) :오스트리아 . 작곡가이지만 음악교수로서 더 유명하다.  비엔나음악원의 음악이론교수였으며  제자로는 구스타브 말러, 휴고 볼프, 얀 시벨리우스, 알렉산더 폰 쳄린스키, 에리히 코른골트, 프란츠 슈미트, 리하르트 호이버거, 레오 팔, 에르키 멜라르틴(Erkki Melartin), 레오 아셔(Leo Ascher)등이 있다.

 

슈티리아의 프라우엔탈(Frauental)에서 태어났다. 슈티리아는 아놀트 슈봐르첸네거의 고향이기도 하다. 형제들이 많아서  13형제중 막내였다. 오페라 작곡가인 요한 네포무크가 푹스의 형이다. 어릴 때부터 음악적 재능을 보여 작곡가가 되기 위해 비엔나대학교에 들어가 오토 데조프(Otto Desoff)등에게서 작곡을 공부했다. 졸업후 비엔나대학교의 음악이론 교수가 되어  1875년부터 1912년까지 37년간 비엔나대학교에 재직하였다.  1927년 향년 80세로 비엔나에서 세상을 떠났다.

 

푹스는 훌륭한 음악이론교수였지만 작곡가로서도 뛰어난 작품을 남겼다. 좀처럼 다른 사람의 작품을 칭찬하지 않는 브람스이지만 푹스에 대하여는 ‘찬란한 음악인이다. 모든 것이 너무나 훌륭하고 너무나 완벽하며 너무나 매력적이어서 그의 작품을 들을 때마다 언제나 즐겁다’라고 말했다. 말러는 푹스의 제자이니만치 많은 영향을 받았다. 특히 말러의 교향곡 2번은 푹스이즘(Fuchsism)이 반영되어 있다는 평을 들었다. 푹스의 오페라로는 Der Königsbraut(왕의 신부)와 Die Teufelsglocke(악마의 종)이 있다.

 

In his lifetime, his best known works were his five serenades; their popularity was so great that

Fuchs acquired the nickname "Serenaden-Fuchs" (roughly, "Serenader Fox"). The serenades have been recorded by the Cologne Chamber Orchestra under Christian Ludwig for Naxos.

List of compositions

Orchestral

• Symphonies


• Serenades
• Serenade for string orchestra No. 1 in D major, Op. 9
• Serenade for string orchestra No. 2 in C major, Op. 14
• Serenade for string orchestra No. 3 in E minor, Op. 21
• Serenade for string orchestra and 2 horns in G minor, Op. 51
• Serenade for small orchestra in D major, Op. 53
•  Waves of the Sea and Love Overture, Op. 59

He was born in Austria in 1847. He studied at the Vienna Conservatory with Felix Otto Dessoff and Joseph Hellmesberger among others. He eventually secured a teaching position there and was appointed Professor of music theory in 1875. He retained the position until 1912. He died in Vienna in 1927.

He was the youngest brother of Johann Nepomuk Fuchs,^[1] who was also a composer and an opera conductor.

Robert Fuchs taught many notable composers, See: List of music students by teacher: C to F#Robert Fuchs.

"Unfailingly tuneful and enjoyable, Robert Fuchs’s piano trios are an easily accessible way to get to know a composer whom Brahms greatly admired," noted the magazine Gramophone. "In his time Fuchs was very highly regarded, with one critic famously pointing to Fuchsisms in Mahler’s Second Symphony."

The reason his compositions did not become better known was largely that he did little to promote them, living a quiet life in Vienna and refusing to arrange concerts, even when the opportunities arose. He certainly had his admirers, among them Brahms, who almost never praised the works of other composers. But with regard to Fuchs, Brahms wrote, “Fuchs is a splendid musician, everything is so fine and so skillful, so charmingly invented, that one is always pleased.”^[1] Famous contemporary conductors, including Arthur Nikisch, Felix Weingartner and Hans Richter, championed his works when they had the opportunity but with few exceptions, it was his chamber music which was considered his finest work.

In his lifetime, his best known works were his five serenades; their popularity was so great that Fuchs acquired the nickname "Serenaden-Fuchs" (roughly, "Serenader Fox"). The serenades have been recorded by the Cologne Chamber Orchestra under Christian Ludwig for Naxos.^[2][3]