Mozart -Symphony No. 34 in C Major, K. 338

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Symphony No. 34 in C Major, K. 338

 

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Symphony No. 34 in C major, K. 338, was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1780, and completed on 29 August.^[1][2]

The work is scored for 2 oboes, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani and strings.

Although most symphonies have four movements, this symphony has only three, which was still common in the early classical period:

1. Allegro vivace, ⁴
   ₄
2. Andante di molto (più tosto Allegretto), ²
   ₄ in F major
3. Finale: Allegro vivace, ⁶
   ₈

 

The symphony features the fanfares and flourishes typical of the "festive symphony" or "trumpet symphony", which is characteristic of Austrian symphonic writing in C major. This is the first of Mozart's C-major symphonies to exhibit this character, but the style would be revisited in his subsequent two works in this key, the 36th and 41st symphonies.^[1]

 

The first movement is written in sonata form but also contains many styles and formal aspects of an Italian overture. There is no expositional repeat. The expositional coda contains an overture-like crescendo which is not included in the recapitulation. The development is based entirely on new material. The recapitulation on the exposition's first theme is abbreviated and interrupted by a brief development of that theme. Finally, the movement's coda contains nearly all of this first theme creating the appearance of a reverse-recapitulation common in Italian overtures.^[1]

 

The second movement in F major is scored for strings sotto voce with divided violas and a single

bassoon doubling the cellos and bass.^[1]

Alfred Einstein advanced a theory in the third edition of the Köchel catalogue that the Minuet K. 409 was written at a later date by the composer for this work. However, there is no proof in the sources to support his thesis.^[2] Also, K. 409 calls for two flutes in its orchestration which does not match the rest of the symphony.^[1]

 

The finale is in sonata form and features energetic tarantella or saltarello rhythms.

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00:00 Symphony No.34 in C major K.338: I. Allegro vivace 07:28 Symphony No.34 in C major K.338: II. Andante di molto più tosto allegretto 14:54 Symphony No.34 in C major K.338: III. Menuett 21:06 Symphony No.34 in C major K.338: IV. Finale. Allegro vivace

 

칼 뵘-지휘베를린 필 1966

 

모차르트 "교향곡 34"번은 1780년 8월 완성한 교향곡으로 출판은 1797년에 했다고 알려져 있다. 잘츠부르크 시대의 마지막 교향곡으로 이 곡은 1780년, 모차르트가 잘츠부르크에 머무르며 작곡한 마지막 교향곡으로 기록되어 있다. 콜로레도 대주교와 갈등을 겪었던 모차르트는 그 이듬해 고향을 떠나 빈에 자리 잡게 되었고, 그런 면에서 모차르트의 젊은 시절이 담긴 마지막 교향곡이라 할 수 있다. 이 교향곡은 장대하면서도 세부적인 면에 있어 섬세하게 다듬어져 있어 고전적인 완성을 예감하게 하는 작품으로, 모차르트만의 개성을 짐작하게 하고 있다. 장대하며 열정적인 제1악장과, 현악기가 이끄는 내적인 제2악장, 그리고 쾌활하면서도 에너지 넘치는 제3악장으로 구성되어 있으며, "교향곡 33번"과 마찬가지로 미뉴에트 악장이 이후에 추가로 작곡되었을 것이라는 추측도 있다. [Kim's Sound]