[폰티액 전쟁]
Pontiac's War
| Part of the American Indian Wars |
In a famous council on April 27, 1763, Pontiac urged listeners to rise up against the British
(19th century engraving by Alfred Bobbett)
[1763년 4월 27일 , 영국에 대한 궐기를 호소하는 폰티액의 모습을 그린 상상도]
폰티액 전쟁(Pontiac's Rebellion)은 프렌치 인디언 전쟁과 7년 전쟁(1754-1763)이 끝난 후 영국의 오대호 지방 통치에
불만을 품은 인디언이 침략자인 영국 백인 대해 1763년에 도발을 감행한 “인디언 전쟁”이다.
목차
[Pontiac's War (also known as Pontiac's Conspiracy or Pontiac's Rebellion) was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of American Indians dissatisfied with British rule in the Great Lakes region following the French and Indian War (1754–1763). Warriors from numerous tribes joined in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the region. The war is named after Odawa leader Pontiac, the most prominent of many Indian leaders in the conflict.
The war began in May 1763 when American Indians, alarmed by policies imposed by British General Jeffrey Amherst, attacked a number of British forts and settlements. Eight forts were destroyed, and hundreds of colonists were killed or captured, with many more fleeing the region. Hostilities came to an end after British Army expeditions in 1764 led to peace negotiations over the next two years. The Indians were unable to drive away the British, but the uprising prompted the British government to modify the policies that had provoked the conflict.
Warfare on the North American frontier was brutal, and the killing of prisoners, the targeting of civilians, and other atrocities were widespread.[7] In an incident that became well-known and frequently debated, British officers at Fort Pitt attempted to infect besieging Indians with blankets that had been exposed to smallpox.[8] The ruthlessness of the conflict was a reflection of a growing racial divide between British colonists and American Indians.[9] The British government sought to prevent further racial violence by issuing the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which created a boundary between colonists and Indians.
[정보] 책- 바이러스전쟁(세계 역사와 지도를 바꾼):저자 도현신 | 이다북스 | 2020.11.20.
.세균보다 훨씬 작은 전염성 병원체, 바이러스. 그로 인해 우리 삶을 흔들고 세계사를 움직인 전염병. 바이러스는 칼보다 먼저 전장에 나섰고, 전염병은 찬란한 시대를 지우고 새로운 문명을 만들었다. 장티푸스는 아테네의 황금시대를 무너뜨렸고, 14세기 유럽을 뒤흔든‘ 죽음의 신’ 흑사병은 페스트에서 비롯했으며, 아즈텍과 잉카가 스페인군에 무너진 것은 천연두 때문이었다. 그리고 21세기 전 세계를 휩쓴 코로나19까지 세계 역사를 움직이고 흐름을 바꾼 전염병들. 바이러스로 읽는 전염병의 역사, 전염병으로 읽는 세계사, 《바이러스전쟁》.