[이탈리아] 알바니 [Francesco Albani]

알바니 [Francesco Albani]

 

Albani는 Albano, I'Abane라고도 씀. 1578. 3. 17 교황령 볼로냐~ 1660. 10

[ (17 March or 17 August 1578 – 4 October 1660) was an Italian Baroque painter who was active in Bologna (1591–1600), Rome (1600–1609), Bologna (1609), Viterbo (1609–1610), Bologna (1610), Rome (1610–1617), Bologna (1618–1660), Mantova (1621–1622), Roma (1623–1625) and Florence (1633).

Albani was born in Bologna, Italy in 1578.^[1] His father was a silk merchant who intended him to go into his own trade. By the age of twelve, however, he had become an apprentice to the competent mannerist painter Denis Calvaert, in whose studio of he met Guido Reni. He soon followed Reni to the so-called "Academy" run by Annibale, Agostino, and Ludovico Carracci. This studio fostered the careers of many painters of the Bolognese school, including Domenichino, Massari, Viola, Lanfranco, Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi, Pietro Faccini, Remigio Cantagallina, and Reni.

이탈리아의 화가.

카라치의 공방에서 교육받은 17세기 볼로냐파 거장의 한 사람으로 구이도 레니를 도와 무수한 대형연작 장식화들을 제작했다. 그중에는 퀴리날레 궁전에 있는 수태고지 예배당 그림(1609~12)과 산타마리아델라파체 교회의 성가대석 그림(1612~14)이 있다. 알바니는 로마에 몇 년 간 살면서 미술학교를 운영하여 제자들을 키웠다. 로마에 있을 때 안니발레 카라치의 화풍을 본떠서 산자코모델리스파뉴올리 교회에 있는 산디에고 예배당의 프레스코 전체를 그렸다. 가장 잘 알려진 프레스코 작품으로는 〈아모리니의 춤 Dance of the Amorini〉(1625경, 밀라노 브레라 미술관)같이 신화적 주제를 다룬 것들이 있다. 1616년에 볼로냐로 돌아간 그는 1621~22년 만토바와 1633년 피렌체를 방문했을 때를 제외하고는 계속 그곳에 머물렀다.

Mature work in Rome[edit]

Baptism of Christ c.1640 (State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg

In 1600, Albani moved to Rome to work on the fresco decoration of the gallery of the Palazzo Farnese, which was being completed by the studio of Annibale Carracci. At this time, Rome, under Clement VIII Aldobrandini (1592–1605) was exhibiting some degree of administrative stability and renewed artistic patronage. While Pope Clement had been born into a Florentine family resident in Urbino, his family was allied by marriage to the Emilia-Romagna and the Farnese, since Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma had married Margherita Aldobrandini. Parma, like Bologna, being part of the Region of Emilia-Romagna, it was not surprising that Cardinal Odoardo Farnese, Ranuccio's brother, chose to patronise the Carraccis from Bologna, thereby establishing Bolognese dominance of Roman fresco painting for nearly two decades.

Albani became one of Annibale's most prominent apprentices. Using Annibale's designs and assisted by Lanfranco and Sisto Badalocchio, Albani completed frescoes for the San Diego Chapel in San Giacomo degli Spagnoli between 1602 and 1607. In 1606-7, Albani completed the frescoes in the Palazzo Mattei di Giove in Rome. He later completed two other frescoes in the same palace, also on the theme of Life of Joseph.

In 1609, he completed the ceiling of a large hall with Fall of Phaeton and Council of the Gods for the Palazzo Giustiniani (now Palazzo Odescalchi) at Bassano (di Sutri) Romano. This work was commissioned by Vincenzo Giustiniani, also famous as a patron of Caravaggio.

During 1612-14, Albani completed the Choir frescoes at the church of Santa Maria della Pace which had just been remodelled by Pietro da Cortona. In 1616 he painted ceiling frescoes of Apollo and the Seasons at Palazzo Verospi in Via del Corso for the cardinal Fabrizio Verospi.

In his later years, Albani developed a mutual, though respectful, rivalry with the more successful Guido Reni, who was also heavily patronized by the Aldobrandini, and under whom Albani had worked under at the chapel of the Palazzo del Quirinale.

Albani's best frescoes are those on mythological subjects. Among the best of his sacred subjects are a St Sebastian and an Assumption of the Virgin, both in the church of San Sebastiano fuori le Mura in Rome. He was among the Italian painters to devote himself to painting cabinet pictures. His mythological subjects include The Sleeping Venus, Diana in the Bath, Danaë Reclining, Galatea on the Sea, and Europa on the Bull. A rare etching, the Death of Dido, is attributed to him. Carlo Cignani, Andrea Sacchi, Francesco Mola, and Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi were among his students. Following the death of his wife he returned to Bologna, where he married a second time and lived until his death.

Legacy[edit]

Albani never acquired the monumentality or tenebrism that was quaking the contemporary world of painters, and is often derided often for his lyric, cherubim-filled sweetness, which often has not yet shaken the mannerist elegance. While Albani's thematic would have appealed to Poussin, he lacked the Frenchman's muscular drama. His style sometimes seems to have more in common with the decorative Rococo than with the painting of his own time.

Among his pupils were his brother Giovanni Battista Albani, and others including Giacinto Bellini, Girolamo Bonini, Giacinto Campagna, Antonio Catalani, Carlo Cignani, Giovanni Maria Galli, Filippo Menzani, Bartolommeo Morelli, Andrea Sacchi, Andrea Sghizzi, Giovanni Battista Speranza, Antonio Maria del Sole, Emilio Taruffi, and Francesco Vaccaro.^[2]

성가족   성가족(The Holy Family) 1610년경, 구리에 유채, 37,5 x 28,5 cm, 개인 소장

 



1. Spring 1616-17 Oil on canvas Galleria Borghese, Rome





2. Summer 1616-17 Oil on canvas Galleria Borghese, Rome





3. Autumn 1616-17 Oil on canvas Galleria Borghese, Rome





4. Winter 1616-17 Oil on canvas Galleria Borghese, Rome





5. The Annunciation Oil on copper, 62 x 47 cm The Hermitage, St. Petersburg





6. Holy Family 1630-35 Oil on canvas, 57 x 43 cm Galleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti), Florence





7. Diana and Actaeon 1625-30 Oil on wood transferred to canvas, 74,5 x 99,5 cm
Gemäldegalerie, Dresden





8. Venus Attended by Nymphs and Cupids 1633
Oil on canvas, 114 x 171 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid





9. Saint Francois d'Assise en oraison devant un crucifix





10. The Baptism of Christ 1630 oil on canvas
Musee des Beaux-Arts, Lyons





11. Merkur und Apoll





12. Venus et Adonis





13. Acteon metamorphose en cerf





14. Diana and Actaeon





15. Rape of europe





16. Adonis Led by Cupids to Venus, detail





17. Apollo and Daphne





18. The Cupids Disarmed





19. Le Pere eternel et l'ange Gabriel





20. st  trinit dei monti and the villa franois marius granet





21. The Rape of Europa





22. Hermaphroditus and Salmacis, Louvre Museum





23. Venus bath or Air. between 1621 and 1633. musee du Louvre





24. Tanz der Amoretten  
 




25. Venus and Cupid 





26. Predication of Saint John the Baptist





27. Faith, Hope and Charity





28. The Nymph Salmacis and the Hermaphrodite





29. Ecce Homo