[오스트리아]Franz von Suppé[주페]

Franz von Suppé

Franz von Suppé

(18 April 1819 – 21 May 1895) was an Austrian composer of light operas from the Kingdom of Dalmatia, Austro-Hungarian Empire (now part of Croatia).^[1][2]

A composer and conductor of the Romantic period, he is notable for his four dozen operettas.

[20세기 중반까지 오스트리아와 독일의 경음악에 영향을 끼쳤다. 빈 극장과 요제프슈타트를 비롯한 빈의

다른 극장에서 지휘했다. 빈에서 〈경기병 Leichte Kavallerie〉(1866)·〈파티니차 Fatinitza〉(1876)·〈보카치오 Boccaccio〉(1879) 등의 희가극으로 성공을 거두었고 그밖에도 합창곡, 교향곡 1곡, 현악4중주곡 등을 작곡했다.]

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Life and education

Publicity photo of Franz von Suppė, taken

by Fritz Luckhardt

Franz von Suppé's parents named him Francesco Ezechiele Ermenegildo Cavaliere di Suppé-Demelli when he was born on 18 April 1819 in Spalato, now Split, Dalmatia, Austrian Empire. His Belgian

ancestors may have emigrated there in the 18th century.^[3] His father – a man of Italian and Belgian ancestry – was a civil servant in the service of the Austrian Empire, as was his father before him; Suppé's mother was Viennese by birth. He was a distant relative of Gaetano Donizetti. He simplified and Germanized his name when in Vienna, and changed "cavaliere di" to "von". Outside Germanic circles, his name may appear on programmes as Francesco Suppé-Demelli.

He spent his childhood in Zara, now Zadar, where he had his first music lessons and began to compose at an early age. As a boy he had no encouragement in music from his father, but was helped by a local bandmaster and by the Spalato cathedral choirmaster.^[4] His Missa dalmatica dates from this early period. As a teenager in Cremona, Suppé studied flute and harmony. His first extant composition is a Roman Catholic mass, which premiered at a Franciscan church in Zara in 1832. At the age of 16, he moved to Padua to study law – a field of study not chosen by him – but continued to study music. Suppé was also a singer, making his debut as a basso profundo in the role of Dulcamara in

Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore at the Sopron theatre in 1842.

He was invited to Vienna by Franz Pokorny,^[3] the director of the Theater in der Josefstadt. In Vienna, after studying with Ignaz von Seyfried and Simon Sechter, he conducted in the theatre, without pay at first, but with the opportunity to present his own operas there. Eventually, Suppé wrote music for over a hundred productions at the Theater in der Josefstadt as well as the Carltheater in Leopoldstadt, at the Theater an der Wien. He also put on some landmark opera productions, such as the 1846 production of Meyerbeer's Les Huguenots with Jenny Lind.^[3]

Suppé's grave at the Zentralfriedhof

Franz von Suppé died in Vienna on 21 May 1895 and is buried in the Zentralfriedhof.^[3]

Works

Two of Suppé's comic operas – Boccaccio and Donna Juanita – have been performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New York, but failed to become repertoire works. He composed about 30 operettas

and 180 farces[광대극], ballets, and other stage works. Although the bulk of Suppé's operas have sunk into relative obscurity, the overtures – particularly Dichter und Bauer (Poet and Peasant, 1846) and Leichte Kavallerie (Light Cavalry, 1866) – have survived and some of them have been used in

all sorts of soundtracks for films, cartoons, advertisements, and so on, in addition to being frequently played at symphonic "pops" concerts. Some of Suppé's operas are still regularly performed in Europe; Peter Branscombe, writing in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, characterizes Suppé's song "Das ist mein Österreich" as "Austria's second national song".

Suppé retained links with his native Dalmatia, occasionally visiting Split (Spalato), Zadar (Zara), and Šibenik. Some of his works are linked with Dalmatia, in particular his operetta The Mariner's Return, the action of which takes place in Hvar. After retiring from conducting, Suppé continued to write operas, but shifted his focus to sacred music. He wrote a Requiem for theatre director Franz Pokorny (now very rarely performed; it premiered on 22 November 1855, during the memorial service for Pokorny); an oratorio, Extremum Judicum; three masses, among them the Missa Dalmatica; songs; symphonies; and concert overtures.

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